Voltage Regulator Fundamentals: Why Voltage must be Regulated, Function of Voltage Regulators, Operation of Voltage Regulators.

Tap Changer Fundamentals: Basic Concepts of Transformer No-Load and Load Tap Changers, Tap Changer Operation, Operating Characteristics of Load Tap Changers vs. a No-Load Tap Changer, Calculating Turns Ratio of Transformers equipped with a Load Tap Changer, Operation, and Application of a Preventive Auto Transformer in a Reactive Type Load Tap Changer.

Tap Changer Construction: Identify and Review Various Components located in a typical Load Tap Changer, Identify the Components of Each Compartments, Explain the function of each Component.

Tap Changer Operation: Typical Tap Changer Sequences, Automatic Operation of Load Tap Changers, Electric Hand Operation of Load Tap Changers, Hand Cranking Operation of Load Tap Changers.

Diagnostic Test on Load Tap Changers: Oil Sampling, Contact Resistance, Contact Adjustments, Visual Inspection, Oil Processing, etc.